What is the role of bicarbonate in dialysate?

• A. To correct metabolic acidosis and help normalize acid-base balance.
• B. To increase calcium in blood.
• C. To provide energy to the patient.
• D. To prevent infection.

Answer: (A)

Bicarbonate in dialysate mainly serves to replenish the body's buffering system and correct metabolic acidosis that accompanies kidney failure. When kidneys fail, acids build up and serum bicarbonate falls, lowering pH. The bicarbonate in the dialysate diffuses into the blood across the dialyzer membrane, neutralizing excess hydrogen ions and raising the serum bicarbonate level. This helps normalize the acid–base balance during dialysis, improving overall metabolic stability. It’s not intended to raise calcium, provide energy, or prevent infection.